HEPL

Basis of experimental physics : newtonian mechanics, electromagnetism, waves.

Notions of differential and integral calculus

Understanding and discussions about instrumental techniques used in biotechnology.

Spectroscopic techniques of instrumental analysis:

· Basis of instrumental analysis.

· Mass Spectroscopy by TF.

· Infrared spectroscopy by TF.

· Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

. Luminescence spectroscopy .

. Protein crystallography by X-ray scattering.

SKOOG D.A., HOLLER F.J & NIEMAN T.A., Principes d’analyse instrumentale, Ed. De Boeck Université.

ATKINS P.W., Chimie physique, Ed. De Boeck Université.

visits

Knowledge of pro and eukaryotic cells, their physiology and biochemistry.

Aseptic work, solution preparation, microscopy.

To learn fundamental techniques of cell culture , advantages and inconvenients in order to have the possibility to make the good choice when working on cultivated eukariotic cells.

How to work in a laminair flow hood and use of incubator, Pasteur oven, liquid nitrogen tank...

Most usual techniques of cell culture in research laboratory as well as in large scale production.

Basic techniques about cell cultures will be done on different cell-types, dispersion and disrumtion of tissues, monolayer culture techniques, propagation and scaling up of cultures (trypsinisation, cell counting, microscopic observation, cell freezing, cloning efficiency..), measurement of growth and viability.

ADOLPHE M. et BARLOVATZ-MEINON G., Culture de cellules animales, méthodologie, applications, Ed. Inserm, 2003.

FRESHNEY R.I., Culture of animal cells. A manual Basic technique, Alan Riss Inc., New York, 2005.

 Plant cell culture, a practical approach, Ed. By R.A.Dixon, 1995.

Basic molecular biology .

General biochemistry.

Knowledge of practical methods used in preparation, purification and analysis of nucleic acids.

• Extraction and purification methods.
• Electrophoresis.
• Labeling and sequencing methods.
• Molecular hybridization: principles and applications.
• Oligonucleotides and gene synthesis, DNA arrays.
• Polymerase Chain reaction. Real Time PCR

SAMBROOK J. et al., Molecular cloning, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1989.

J.Etienne et E. Clauser, Biochimie génétique -Biologie Moléculaire, Masson 2004

Advanced knowledge in general microbiology, biochemistry, physics, mathematics and general biology.

To master the student with fermentors of different volumes and their use in biotechnological productions, including scale-up experiments, optimisation and Dowstream processes.

Fermentations:

Fermentors ( sterilization, oxygen transfer, Kla, agitation…)

Different types of bioreactors.

Captors in fermentation, regulation and automatisation.

Dowstream process ( separation, purification, drying...)

BOUDRANT, CORRIEU et COULET, Capteurs et Mesures en Biotechnologies, Tec & Doc. Lavoisier, 1994.

SCRIBAN R., Biotechnologie, Tec et Doc., Lavoisier, 1988.

FRERE J.-M. et GERDAY C., Les méthodes de purification et d'analyse des protéines, Masson, 1994.

exercises.

Advanced knowledge in biochemistry, physics, mathematics and general biology.

To draw up : the general strategy to a protein purification and then step by step the details of the purification protocol.

Protein purification :

• Strategies for protein purification.
• Detection and assay methods
• Making crude extract
• Electrophoresis methods
• Chromatography methods
• Exercices on informatics support.

SCRIBAN R., Biotechnologie, Tec et Doc., Lavoisier, 1988.

SCOPES R., Protein Purification : Principles and Practice, 3ème éd., Cantor, C.R. (ed.), Springer-Verlag, 1994.

FRERE J.-M. et GERDAY C., Les méthodes de purification et d'analyse des protéines, Masson, 1994.

exercises.

General biochemistry course.

To know the different enzymatic processes and the industrial applications.

Application of enzymes in organic chemistry, in industry and in everyday life

To master the techniques allowing the production and the purification of a microbial enzyme.

To learn strategies of determination of kinetic parameters, to study a inhibition mechanism and to determine kinetics parameters.

General properties of the enzymes.

Enzyme kinetics.

Inhibition.

Physical and chemist factors.

Allosteric systems.Inactivation.

Cofactors.

Immobilised enzymes.

laboratory:

first part: production and purification of Escherichia coli galactosidase using lab-scale fermentors; different important parameters are followed during the process (cell concentration, enzymatic activity, protein concentration...); calculation of growth and production rates and purification yields.

second part: to set up the optimal experimental conditions to the enzymatic study; the determination of the kinetics parameters; study of an inhibition process.

Immobilisation of an enzyme and realisation of an enzymatic synthesis

STRYER L. , Biochimie, Flammarion, Médecine-Sciences, 2008

FRERE J.M., Cours d'Enzymologie, University of Liège

WONG & WHITESIDES, Enzymes in synthetic organic chemistry, Tetrahedron Organic Chemistry Series , Vol 12, Pergamon Press, 1995

DENEUVILLE F., Génie fermentaire, travaux pratiques, Ed. Doin, coll. Biosciences et techniques, France, 1991.

SCRIBAN R., Biotechnologie, coll. Tec.et Doc., Lavoisier, Paris, France, 1988.

THONART Ph., Cours de Microbiologie industrielle, Ulg.

Revues : « Pour la science », « La Recherche », et « Biofutur », différents articles.

exercises

Molecular biology and introduction to genetic engineering.

Knowledge of genetic engineering procedures and their applications

Practical approach of basic techniques in genetic engineering

Enzymes in use.

Vectors and cloning strategies ( E. Coli, other microorganisms, yeast).

cDNA and genomic libraries 

Recombinant protein synthesis.

Directed mutagenesis.

Genome mapping ( sequencing, gene capture).

Gene therapy.

Transgenic plants and animals.

Medical applications.

Laboratory :

DNA isolation and purification

Restriction Enzymes

Electrophoresis

Recombinant plasmid construction

Transformation of E.coli cells

Molecular hybridization

Polymerase Chain Reaction

SAMBROOK J. et al., Molecular cloning, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1989.

PRIMROSE S.et al., Principes de Génie Génétique, Ed. de Boeck, 2004

LONCLE et al, Génie génétique, Ed. Doin, 1993.

Scientific papers analysis.

Hematology and Immunology courses.

Analysis of the immune response ( natural and specific) in the normal situation and a few pathologic aspects

Natural immuno response.

Specific immuno response.

Inflammatory response.

Maturation and differenciation of lymphoid B cells.

Maturation and differenciation of lymphoids T cells.

Cell-mediated.

Cytotoxic response ( specific and NK).

Antibodies response.

Organ and hematopoietic transplantation.

Cytokinines

Vaccination.

Hybridomas.

HLA system

MALE, Immunologie. Aide-mémoire illustré, De Boeck Université, 2^ème éd.,1999.

Manuel Qualité et ouvrages de référence du laboratoire d'hématologie du CHU, ULg.

Advanced knowledge in general microbiology, biochemistry, physics, mathematics and general biology

The aim of the course is to train the student with fermentors of different volumes and their use in biotechnological productions, including scale-up experiments, optimisation and Downstream processes,

Introduction and history of industrial microbiology

Recent examples of biotechnological products

Industrial microorganisms (characteristics and taxonomy)

Production of fermented food and drinks , of vaccines...

Microbial growth, equations of batch, fed-batch and continuous cultures

Optimisation of biotechnological and pharmaceutical productions

Laboratory:

Biomass production of an E.coli strain in different fermentation conditions (substrates, anae-/aerobiosis, fermentor/culture vessels ) and metabolites analysis e.g. in order to produce beta-galactosidase

Investigation of the impact of different parameters ( cell density, substrate concentration, ...)on the success of the fermentation e.g. yields. Use of direct and indirect sensors and liquid/gas chromatography techniques.Investigation of Kla factor.

LARPENT-GOURGAUD M. et SANGLIER J.J., Biotechnologies, Principes et Méthodes, Ed. Doin, Coll. Biosciences et Techniques, 1992.

PRESCOTT, HARLEY et KLEIN, Microbiologie, Ed. De Boeck Université, 1995.

SCRIBAN R., Biotechnologie, Coll. Tec et Doc., Lavoisier, 1988.

THONART P., Cours de Microbiologie Industrielle, ULg.

BOURDRANT, CORRIEU et COULET, CAPTEURS ET MESURES EN BIOTECHNOLOGIE (1994), Ed. Tec & Doc, Lavoisier.

R. D. SCHMID (2005), Atlas de poche de BIOTECHNOLOGIE et de GENIE GENETIQUE, Ed. FLAMMARION

DENEUVILLE F., Génie Fermentaire, Travaux Pratiques, Ed. Doin, Coll. Biosciences et Techniques, 1991.

Mc NEIL B. et HARVEY L.M., Fermentation, a Practical approach, Oxford Univ. Press, 1990. Revues "Pour la Science", "La Recherche" et "Biofutur", différents articles

www.genie-bio.ac-versailles.fr/ressources/ressources.htm

Lectures with video illustration and slides.

Oral examinations and on-line documentation work ( internet).

Basic knowledge of computer and Internet surfing

Basic knowledge in genetics and molecular biology

Practical knowledge of the most usual tools of biocomputing freely available on the Internet

Homology research

Use of the tools necessary for the classical techniques of molecular biology .

Philogenia

Tertiary structures of proteins

Microarrays

Theoretical and practical knowledge of the various matters 

To gain experience in one or another matter of the formation 

Participation to fundamental or applied research projects , in university or biotechnological industry laboratories.

Report

Suffisant theoretical and practical knowledge of the curriculum disciplines

Basic knowledge of scientific english

To concretise courses by applications

To be able to explain experimental procedures and results 

Lectures and presentation of scientific articles in relation to biotechnologies.

Participation to presentation and/or seminars (in outside laboratories)

Visits of biotechnological and pharmaceutical companies 

Talks