HEPL

Notions of biology, anatomy and physiology, pathological physiology, biochemistry, medical chemistry, histology including histological techniques, english, bibliographic research.

To understand and to carry out cytologic preparations and sampling for specified cases by Royal Decrees. To read cytologic slides.

Cytology

• Cellular architecture
• Basic vocabulary: cellular and nuclear images
• Procedures : fixations, smearing, centrifugation, flow cytometry, special techniques...)
• Technical aspects of smear preparations
• Staining techniques
• Artefacts and contaminations

Cytologic study applied to female genital tract, urinary system and respiratory tract:

• Collection of specimens and their validity
• Infectious and inflammatory states, repair
• Intraepithelial lesions and cancer
• Quality control and report

Cytology of effusions and liquor cerebrospinalis:

• Collection of specimens and their validity

• Infectious and inflammatory states, repair
• Tumoral infiltrations

Cytology of aspirates with fine needle:

• Collection of specimens and their validity
• Infectious and inflammatory states, repair
• Tumoral infiltrations
• Correlation with histological analysis

Mammary gland cytology

KEEBLER M.C. et SOMRAK M.T., The manual of cytotechnology, 7^th Ed., ASCP Press, 1993, ISBN 0-89189-352-0

RAMZY I., Clinical cytopathology and aspiration biopsy, 2^nd Ed., Mc Graw-Hill, 2001, ISBN 0-8385-1069-8

MAILLET M., LABBE S. et CHARASINI D., Cytologie gynécologique normale et pathologique, Piccin, 1991, ISBN 88-299-0965-3

UNDERWOOD J.C.E., Introduction to biopsy interpretation and surgical pathology, Springer-Verlag, ISBN 3-540-17495-8